- 1.7.1The Origination Clausenot yet published The origination clause requires revenue bills to begin in the House — embedding democratic accountability into the taxing power — but the Senate's unrestricted amendment authority, the narrowing judicial definition of "revenue bill," and reliance on the House's own political will for enforcement have reduced the clause to a procedural starting point rather than a structural gatekeeping mechanism.
- 1.7.2Presentment and the Veto Powernot yet published The presentment clause creates a three-way negotiation between the House, Senate, and President that produces law through signature, override, or inaction — an architecture that balances executive review against legislative supremacy. The system holds; the strains are the pocket veto's unsettled boundary and the veto threat's expansion into an executive agenda-setting tool.
- 1.7.3Presentment of Orders, Resolutions, and Votesnot yet published The orders-and-resolutions clause extends presentment to all bicameral actions carrying the force of law, closing the loophole through which Congress might govern by "resolution" rather than "bill." The anti-evasion principle holds; the strain is the post-Chadha gap between the legislative veto's formal unconstitutionality and its informal persistence.