- 3.3.1Treason: Definition and Proofnot yet published The Constitution defines treason more narrowly than any other crime in American law — only levying war or adhering to enemies with aid and comfort qualifies — and imposes a two-witness proof standard designed to prevent political abuse, but the modern national-security statutory framework has functionally bypassed these protections by prosecuting equivalent conduct under lower evidentiary thresholds.
- 3.3.2Treason: Punishment Limitsnot yet published The Punishment Clause delegates the power to set treason's penalty to Congress but imposes two absolute constitutional limits — no corruption of blood and no forfeiture beyond the traitor's lifetime — embodying the principle that criminal punishment targets only the individual who committed the act, never the family.